Parole chiave
leadership femminile
imprese familiari
imprese a partecipazione pubblica
Piccole e medie imprese (PMI)
ICT
Come citare
##plugins.generic.dates.accepted## 2025-08-05
##plugins.generic.dates.published## 2025-11-03
Abstract
Il presente lavoro mira ad analizzare l’impatto della presenza femminile nelle imprese a partecipazione pubblica e familiare sul divario retributivo di genere nel settore ICT. Utilizzando un dataset panel composto da 1.050 osservazioni, relativo a imprese quotate in 14 paesi europei nel periodo 2010–2023, la ricerca adotta un modello econometrico con effetti fissi ad alta dimensionalità (high dimensional fixed effects, HDFE) per valutare i fattori di influenza su la disuguaglianza salariale tra uomini e donne (gender pay gap). Il lavoro adotta un framework teorico basato sull’integrazione di Agency Theory e Social Role Theory per interpretare le dinamiche osservate, offrendo una lettura articolata del ruolo che gli stereotipi di genere, le configurazioni proprietarie e le pratiche manageriali esercitano sulla parità salariale. I risultati evidenziano che un incremento della rappresentanza femminile nei Consigli di amministrazione è associata a una significativa riduzione del gender pay gap. In particolare, nelle imprese a partecipazione pubblica, tale effetto è ulteriormente amplificato dalla combinazione tra leadership inclusiva e accountability pubblica. Al contrario, nelle imprese familiari, anche in presenza di donne nei board, il divario tende ad aumentare, indicando la persistenza di bias culturali e strutturali. Le evidenze empiriche forniscono spunti rilevanti per l’elaborazione di policy pubbliche e strategie aziendali orientate all’equità retributiva, suggerendo l’importanza di interventi mirati nel rafforzare la trasparenza salariale, promuovere la rappresentanza femminile e incentivare modelli di governance inclusivi. Lo studio contribuisce al dibattito accademico sulla gender equality offrendo una prospettiva comparativa e quantitativa sulle imprese ICT europee, settore storicamente caratterizzato da una marcata sottorappresentazione femminile e da ampie disparità retributive.
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