Abstract
The paper analyses the link between start-up activity and existing local entrepreneurship,starting from a review of the literature on the agglomeration of entrepreneurial initiatives. The paper presents an empirical analysis of new ventures created in Italian provinces between 1998 and 2008. The analysis is focused on the relationship between start-up rates and previous entrepreneurship (analyzed in terms of both stock of existing firms and past start-up rates) and the relationship between the distribution of the new firms among differentindustries and the initial industrial specialization of the area. Results show persistence inlocal start-up rates, as well as a tendency of new venture creation processes to replicate theexisting industrial specialization pattern
References
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Reynolds P., Storey D.J., Westhead P. (1994), “Cross-National Comparisons of the Variation in New Firm Formation Rates”, Regional Studies, 28(4): 443-456.
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Reynolds P.D., Millar B., Maki W.R. (1995), “Explaining Regional Variation in Business Births and Deaths”, Small Business Economics, 17: 389-407.
Reynolds P.D., Wikliam M.H., Bygrave D., Camp S.M., Autio E. (2000), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Kaufman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Kansas City.
Salvato C. (2003), Le opportunità imprenditoriali. Come nascono, come si individuano, come si concretizzano, Guerini e Associati, Milano.
Shane S. (2003), A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-opportunity Nexus, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA.
Shane S., Venkataraman S. (2000), “The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research”, Academy of Management Review, 25 (1): 217-226.
Van Praag M.C., Versloot P.H. (2007), “What is the Value of Entrepreneurship? A review of recent research”, Small Business Economics, 29: 351-382.
Andersson M., Koster S. (2011), “Sources of persistence in regional start-up rates - evidence from Sweden”, Journal of Economic Geography, 11(1): 179-201.
Arenius P., Minniti M. (2005), “Perceptual Variables and Nascent Entrepreneurship”, Journal of Small Business Economics, 24: 233-247.
Audretsch D.B. (2003), “Entrepreneurship: A Survey of the Literature”, Enterprise Papers, n. 14, European Commission, Enterprise Directorate-General.
Audretsch D.B. (2007), “Entrepreneurship capital and economic growth”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 23(1): 63-78.
Audretsch D.B., Fritsch M. (2002), “Growth Regimes over Time and Space”, Regional Studies, 36(2): 113-124.
Audretsch D., Keilbach M. (2004), “Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth: and evolutionary interpretation”, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 14: 605-616.
Audretsch D.B., Thurik R., Verheul I., Wennekers S. (2002), Entrepreneurship: Determinants and Policy in a European-U.S. Comparison, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
Becattini G. (1990), “The Marshallian Industrial District as a Socio-Economic Notion,” in G. Becattini, F. Pyke, W. Sengenberger (Eds.), Industrial Districts and Inter-Firm Co-operation in Italy, International Institute for Labour Studies, Geneva.
Brusco S. (1990), “The Idea of the Industrial District: Its Genesis,” in G. Becattini, F. Pyke, W. Sengenberger (Eds.), Industrial Districts and Inter-Firm Co-operation in Italy, International Institute for Labour Studies, Geneva.
Bygrave W., Minniti M. (2000), “The Social Dynamics of Entrepreneurship”, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 24(3): 25-36.
Chang E.P.C., Chrisman J.J., Kellermanns F.W. (2011), “The relationship between prior and subsequent new venture creation in the United States: A county level analysis”, Journal of Business Venturing, 26(2): 200-211.
De Carolis D.M., Litzky B.E., Eddleston K.A. (2009), “Why Networks Enhance the Progress of New Venture Creation: The Influence of Social Capital and Cognition”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), 527-545.
Deeds D.L (2004), “Increasing the Rate of New Venture Creation: Does Location Matter?”, Academy of Management Executive, 18 (2): 152-154.
Desrochers P., Sautet F. (2008), “Entrepreneurial Policy: The Case of Regional Specialization vs. Spontaneous Industrial Diversity”, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 32(5): 813-832.
Fritsch M., Mueller P. (2007), “The persistence of regional new business formation-activity over time. assessing the potential of policy promotion programs”, Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 17(3): 299-315.
Holcombe R. (2003), “The Origins of Entrepreneurial Opportunities”, Review of Austrian Economics, 16: 25-43.
Johansson B., Wigren R. (1996), “Production Milieu and Competitive Advantage”, in D. Batten, C. Karlsson (Eds.) Infrastructure and the Complexity of Economic Development, Springer Verlag, Berlin.
Krugman P. (1991), “Increasing Returns and Economic Geography”, Journal of Political Economy, 99: 483-499.
Krugman P. (1996), The Self-Organizing Economy, Blackwell Publishers, New York.
Lorenzoni G., Lipparini A. (1999), “The leveraging of interfirm relationships as a distinctive organizational capability”, Strategic Management Journal, 20(4): 317-338.
Martin R., Sunley P. (2006), “Path Dependence and Regional Economic Evolution”, Journal of Economic Geography, 6: 395-437.
Minniti M. (2005), “Entrepreneurship and network externalities”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 57: 1–27.
Reynolds P., Storey D.J., Westhead P. (1994), “Cross-National Comparisons of the Variation in New Firm Formation Rates”, Regional Studies, 28(4): 443-456.
Reynolds P.D. (1999), “Creative Destruction: Source or Symptom of Economic Growth?”, in Z.J. Acs, B. Carlsson, C. Karlsson (Eds.), Entrepreneurship, small and medium-sized enterprises and the macroeconomy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Reynolds P.D., Millar B., Maki W.R. (1995), “Explaining Regional Variation in Business Births and Deaths”, Small Business Economics, 17: 389-407.
Reynolds P.D., Wikliam M.H., Bygrave D., Camp S.M., Autio E. (2000), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Kaufman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Kansas City.
Salvato C. (2003), Le opportunità imprenditoriali. Come nascono, come si individuano, come si concretizzano, Guerini e Associati, Milano.
Shane S. (2003), A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-opportunity Nexus, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA.
Shane S., Venkataraman S. (2000), “The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research”, Academy of Management Review, 25 (1): 217-226.
Van Praag M.C., Versloot P.H. (2007), “What is the Value of Entrepreneurship? A review of recent research”, Small Business Economics, 29: 351-382.
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