Legal aspects of the regulation of land relations in the context of modern economic changes

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to examine the legal mechanisms governing land relations in the context of modern economic changes, with a particular focus on Kyrgyzstan, the USA, and European countries. The study employs a comprehensive approach, incorporating a comparative legal method to analyse the legislation of Kyrgyzstan, the USA, and European countries, a systems analysis method to assess the effectiveness of legal norms, and an empirical method to investigate the practical application of land legislation. The study addresses key challenges, including the lack of transparent land accounting, insufficient automation of cadastral data, and legal uncertainty in the field of land management. Primary attention is given to the regulatory and legal framework of Kyrgyzstan, the activities of the state agency “Cadastre”, and statistical data on land use. To broaden the context, a comparative analysis is conducted with the legislation of Germany and France, which exhibit a high level of decentralisation and automation in land relations. Several methods are employed in the study, notably the analysis of regulatory legal acts and cartographic analysis. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of modern information technologies in enhancing the efficiency of land administration. The article also outlines issues related to limited citizen access to information about land resources and the restrictions in inter-agency cooperation, which hinder effective land management. In addition, the impact of economic changes on regulatory and legal frameworks is analysed, with proposed mechanisms for adapting legislation to new conditions. Consequently, the article presents recommendations for improving land legislation in Kyrgyzstan, notably the establishment of transparent electronic accounting mechanisms and the integration of international standards. The importance of enhancing cooperation between state bodies and ensuring citizen access to land information is particularly emphasised. This study seeks to address gaps in the scientific literature concerning the impact of economic changes on land law in Kyrgyzstan and to offer practical recommendations for reform in this field.