Discussioni fasciste sulla “democrazia” fascista: mobilitazione permanente e militarizzazione delle masse

Abstract

As a revolutionary ideology, fascism presented its own vision of history and revolution. This vision constituted a profound and radical break with the Western revolutionary tradition marked by rationalism. And it was a break caused by the mythical vision of politics, already theorized by Georges Sorel since 1908: a mythical vision on which the Carl Schmitt of the early 1920s had reflected. The revolution as a political myth to be pursued referred to the fascist vision of History: this vision denied that alleged "laws" operated within History, as supposed by liberalism and Marxism, which identified History as the affirmation of Progress. For the fascists who denied both rationalism and the ideology of Progress established with the Enlightenment and Jacobinism before and with Marxism after, an activist attitude was fundamental, built through the denial of the processual nature of History and the fascist-world opposition. As Augusto Del Noce had already observed, for activism "If the world is reduced to things, and I alone recognize myself as a subject, the world is for me, I must dominate it".

Fascism; Liberalism; Democracy; Authoritarian state.