Abstract
This paper sets to frame the complex link between new organizational models and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) protection in the broader context of work-related changes, thus considering both the ecological and digital transition and the impact of demography. To this end, and moving beyond the ‘new modernity’ rhetoric, the research perspective adopted here seeks to answer the question of whether occupational fatalities take place for the same reasons as they did fifty years ago. Considering relevant statistics and the attempts to review the ever changing concept of ‘work organization’, this approach helps to understand the progress made in terms of OHS, particularly in relation to its impact on the prevention and the insurance systems. This aspect further stresses the importance to consider both legal rules and social networks of protection, which need to be based on a participatory and targeted approach, drawing on the principles already laid down in the 2008 Consolidated Text on OHS. In other words, safety should be calibrated on workers rather than merely on workplaces.

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